Mikumi National Park
Mikumi National Park: A Complete Guide to Tanzania’s Wildlife Haven
Mikumi National Park, located in southern Tanzania, is often overlooked in favor of more famous parks like the Serengeti and Ngorongoro Crater. However, with its rich wildlife, scenic landscapes, and easy accessibility from Dar es Salaam, Mikumi offers an incredible safari experience without the large crowds.
Covering approximately 3,230 square kilometers, Mikumi is the fourth largest national park in Tanzania. Its landscape is dominated by the Mkata River floodplain, which resembles the Serengeti’s vast open plains. The park is home to a wide range of wildlife, including lions, elephants, giraffes, zebras, wildebeests, and hippos. It’s also a birdwatcher’s paradise, with over 400 bird species recorded.
This guide will cover everything you need to know about Mikumi National Park, including the best time to visit, top attractions, and practical safari tips.
Overview of What We’ll Cover:
Why Mikumi National Park is unique
Best time to visit for wildlife and birdwatching
Top things to do and see in the park
Wildlife highlights – including predators and large herbivores
Practical travel and safari tips
Why Mikumi National Park is Unique
Mikumi National Park is often referred to as the “Little Serengeti” because of its vast, open plains that resemble the Serengeti’s landscapes. Its accessibility from Dar es Salaam (about a 4-hour drive or 283 kilometers) makes it one of the most convenient safari destinations in Tanzania.
What makes Mikumi stand out:
The park’s flat and open terrain makes wildlife easy to spot, even from a distance.
Large populations of elephants, giraffes, buffalo, zebras, and wildebeests roam the floodplain.
Mikumi’s lions are known for their unique behavior of occasionally climbing trees – a rare trait for lions.
The park is part of the larger Selous ecosystem, which supports seasonal wildlife migration.
Mikumi provides a more relaxed and less crowded safari experience compared to northern Tanzania’s parks. It’s an excellent destination for both first-time safari-goers and seasoned travelers looking for a quieter adventure.
Best Time to Visit Mikumi National Park
The park offers different experiences depending on the season.
June to October – Dry Season
Best time for wildlife viewing as animals gather around water sources.
Vegetation is thinner, making it easier to spot wildlife.
Less risk of mosquitoes and malaria.
Temperatures are comfortable, with cool mornings and warm afternoons.
November to May – Wet Season
Best time for birdwatching as migratory birds arrive.
Lush green landscapes provide stunning photography opportunities.
Animals are more dispersed due to abundant water.
Higher chance of rain, which may make some roads difficult to navigate.
Pro Tip: For the best combination of wildlife viewing and comfortable weather, visit between June and October during the dry season.
Top Things to Do and See in Mikumi National Park
1. Go on a Game Drive
Game drives are the most popular way to explore Mikumi. The open plains of the Mkata River floodplain provide excellent opportunities to spot lions, elephants, giraffes, zebras, and wildebeests. The park’s well-maintained road network allows for easy access to key wildlife areas.
2. Visit the Hippo Pools
The Hippo Pools are one of Mikumi’s most famous attractions. Large pods of hippos can be seen wallowing in the water, with crocodiles and various bird species nearby. Early morning and late afternoon are the best times to see hippo activity.
3. Spot Tree-Climbing Lions
Mikumi’s lions have developed the unusual habit of climbing trees – a behavior more commonly associated with lions in Lake Manyara National Park. Seeing a lion resting on a tree branch is a rare and exciting sight.
4. Birdwatching
With over 400 bird species recorded, Mikumi is a paradise for bird lovers. Some of the most notable species include:
Lilac-breasted roller
Yellow-throated longclaw
Bateleur eagle
Secretary bird
African fish eagle
5. Explore the Mkata River Floodplain
The Mkata River floodplain is the heart of Mikumi’s ecosystem. The open grasslands attract large herds of herbivores, followed closely by predators. Cheetahs, leopards, and hyenas are commonly seen hunting in this area.
6. Take a Walking Safari
Guided walking safaris offer a more intimate experience with Mikumi’s wildlife and plant life. Trained guides will lead you through the bush, teaching you about animal tracks, behavior, and the park’s ecology.
7. Visit the Vuma Hills
The Vuma Hills provide a more elevated vantage point of the park. This area is known for its dense woodlands, where leopards and bushbucks are frequently seen.
Wildlife Highlights – What to Look For
Lions
Mikumi’s lions are often seen hunting on the plains. Their tree-climbing behavior adds to their uniqueness.
Elephants
Large herds of elephants are commonly seen near the Mkata River. Watching them play in the mud or interact with each other is always fascinating.
Giraffes
Mikumi is home to the Masai giraffe, which is taller and darker than other giraffe species.
Hippos and Crocodiles
The Hippo Pools are the best place to observe hippos and crocodiles up close.
Buffalo and Wildebeests
Large herds of buffalo and wildebeests graze in the open plains, often accompanied by zebras and antelopes.
Leopards and Cheetahs
Leopards are often spotted resting in trees, while cheetahs prefer the open plains for hunting.
Travel and Safari Tips
1. Choose the Right Safari Package
Private safaris offer flexibility and a personalized experience.
Group safaris are more affordable and social.
2. Pack Smart
Wear light, breathable clothing in neutral colors.
Bring binoculars and a camera with a zoom lens for wildlife photography.
Sunscreen, a hat, and insect repellent are essential.
3. Follow Park Rules
Stay inside your vehicle during game drives.
Avoid loud noises and sudden movements.
Never feed the animals.
4. Book Early
Mikumi’s lodges and camps are limited, so book several months in advance, especially during peak season.
Interesting Facts About Mikumi National Park
Mikumi National Park was established in 1964.
The park is part of the Selous ecosystem, one of the largest protected ecosystems in Africa.
The baobab trees in Mikumi can live for over 1,000 years.
Mikumi’s lion population has adapted to climbing trees, a behavior rare among lions.
